A marine biological station
Zoologist William Ritter’s search for a coastal research station gained local support in San Diego. The association formed in 1903 with Ritter as scientific director. Ellen Browning Scripps and her brother E. W. Scripps helped finance land, laboratories and operations.
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A widening research programme
Named Scripps Institution for Biological Research in 1912, it later adopted Oceanography as research broadened. Wartime work included surf forecasting and research for undersea warfare; postwar programmes expanded ocean expeditions and seafloor geology.
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University and sustained observations
Scripps became an academic department of the new UC San Diego in 1960. Long-term programmes, including California fisheries investigations and the Keeling carbon-dioxide record, connected biological, physical and chemical observations with climate research.
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