Thermal ionization and spectra
Saha related atomic ionization to physical conditions such as temperature, enabling stellar spectral lines to be interpreted in terms of their atmospheres. The relationship known as the Saha equation also found applications in ionospheric and electric-arc research.
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Universities and research institutes
Awarded a DSc by the University of Calcutta in 1918, he held physics professorships at Calcutta and Allahabad. He organised spectroscopy, statistical-physics and thermal-ionization research and helped establish the nuclear-physics institute in Calcutta later named after him.
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Scientific and public institutions
Saha founded Science & Culture, participated in building the Indian National Science Academy and chaired the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research’s calendar reform committee. His activities linked research with education, scientific organisation and public affairs.
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