Carl-Gustaf Rossby

Rossby learned air-mass and frontal analysis in the Bergen school. In the United States he organised airway weather services and began meteorological teaching at MIT in 1928, combining physical analysis with practical weather charts.

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His 1939–1940 research used vorticity conservation to explain large-scale disturbances in the upper westerlies. As Earth’s rotational influence changes with latitude, north–south movement alters relative rotation, allowing the planetary-scale disturbances called Rossby waves.

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He moved to Chicago in 1941 to head its meteorology department. After the war, he worked with John von Neumann, Jule Charney and others on machine-computed prediction. In Stockholm he subsequently promoted a meteorological institute, numerical forecasting and the journal Tellus.

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